HJRES 1 · 117th Congress 2021–2023, ended

Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States relating to contributions and expenditures intended to affect elections.

Introduced Jan 4, 2021 Originated House Sponsor Theodore E. Deutch D-FL

Latest action · Mar 4, 2021 Referred to the Subcommittee on the Constitution, Civil Rights, and Civil Liberties.

Progress

Where this resolution reached, and when. A stage with no date was not reached; one that failed a vote and later carried shows the date it carried.

IntroducedJan 4, 2021
Passed HouseNot reached
Passed SenateNot reached
To the PresidentNot reached
Became lawNot reached

Summary

This joint resolution proposes a constitutional amendment authorizing Congress and the states to set reasonable limits on the raising and spending of money by candidates and others to influence elections.

The amendment grants Congress and the states the power to implement and enforce this amendment by legislation. They are allowed to distinguish between natural persons and corporations or other artificial entities created by law, including by prohibiting such entities from spending money to influence elections.

Cosponsors 180

Members who signed on, in the order they did. Signatures ran from Jan 4, 2021 to Sep 19, 2022; 3 are original cosponsors, there from the day it was introduced.

Seat	Cosponsor		Signed on
D-MA	James P. McGovern	Original	Jan 4, 2021
D-MD	Jamie Raskin	Original	Jan 4, 2021
R-NY	John Katko	Original	Jan 4, 2021
D-TX	Al Green		Jan 21, 2021
D-CA	Alan S. Lowenthal		Jan 21, 2021
D-FL	Alcee L. Hastings		Jan 21, 2021
D-AZ	Ann Kirkpatrick		Jan 21, 2021
D-MN	Betty McCollum		Jan 21, 2021
D-NJ	Bonnie Watson Coleman		Jan 21, 2021
D-PA	Brendan F. Boyle		Jan 21, 2021
D-NY	Carolyn B. Maloney		Jan 21, 2021
D-ME	Chellie Pingree		Jan 21, 2021
D-NH	Chris Pappas		Jan 21, 2021
D-IL	Danny K. Davis		Jan 21, 2021
D-MN	Dean Phillips		Jan 21, 2021
D-NC	Deborah K. Ross		Jan 21, 2021
D-PA	Dwight Evans		Jan 21, 2021
D-HI	Ed Case		Jan 21, 2021
D-DC	Eleanor Holmes Norton		Jan 21, 2021
D-CA	Grace F. Napolitano		Jan 21, 2021
D-WI	Gwen Moore		Jan 21, 2021
D-GA	Henry C. "Hank" Johnson, Jr.		Jan 21, 2021
D-CT	Jahana Hayes		Jan 21, 2021
D-CT	James A. Himes		Jan 21, 2021
D-TN	Jim Cooper		Jan 21, 2021
D-CA	Jimmy Gomez		Jan 21, 2021
D-MD	John P. Sarbanes		Jan 21, 2021
D-OH	Joyce Beatty		Jan 21, 2021
D-HI	Kaiali'i Kahele		Jan 21, 2021
D-IL	Marie Newman		Jan 21, 2021
D-CA	Mark Takano		Jan 21, 2021
D-CA	Nanette Diaz Barragán		Jan 21, 2021
D-NY	Paul Tonko		Jan 21, 2021
D-VT	Peter Welch		Jan 21, 2021
D-NY	Ritchie Torres		Jan 21, 2021
D-CA	Ro Khanna		Jan 21, 2021
D-AZ	Ruben Gallego		Jan 21, 2021
D-MA	Stephen F. Lynch		Jan 21, 2021
D-WA	Suzan K. DelBene		Jan 21, 2021
D-OR	Suzanne Bonamici		Jan 21, 2021
D-AZ	Tom O'Halleran		Jan 21, 2021
D-FL	Val Butler Demings		Jan 21, 2021
D-NJ	Albio Sires		Feb 4, 2021
D-CA	Anna G. Eshoo		Feb 4, 2021
D-CA	Brad Sherman		Feb 4, 2021
D-RI	David N. Cicilline		Feb 4, 2021
D-OR	Earl Blumenauer		Feb 4, 2021
D-CA	Eric Swalwell		Feb 4, 2021
D-MN	Ilhan Omar		Feb 4, 2021
D-CT	Joe Courtney		Feb 4, 2021
D-CA	John Garamendi		Feb 4, 2021
D-CA	Mark DeSaulnier		Feb 4, 2021
D-WI	Mark Pocan		Feb 4, 2021
D-PA	Mary Gay Scanlon		Feb 4, 2021
D-IL	Mike Quigley		Feb 4, 2021
D-CA	Mike Thompson		Feb 4, 2021
D-OR	Peter A. DeFazio		Feb 4, 2021
D-KS	Sharice Davids		Feb 4, 2021
D-VA	Gerald E. Connolly		Feb 23, 2021
D-CO	Jason Crow		Feb 23, 2021
D-NY	Jerrold Nadler		Feb 23, 2021
D-VA	Donald S. Beyer, Jr.		Mar 19, 2021
D-MA	Jake Auchincloss		Mar 19, 2021
D-KY	John A. Yarmuth		Mar 19, 2021
D-DE	Lisa Blunt Rochester		Mar 19, 2021
D-CA	Ami Bera		Apr 8, 2021
D-CA	Julia Brownley		Apr 8, 2021
D-CA	Linda T. Sánchez		Apr 8, 2021
D-MA	Seth Moulton		Apr 16, 2021
D-MI	Andy Levin		May 11, 2021
D-ME	Jared F. Golden		May 11, 2021
D-MA	Katherine M. Clark		May 11, 2021
D-MA	Lori Trahan		May 11, 2021
D-VA	Elaine G. Luria		May 25, 2021
D-TX	Marc A. Veasey		May 25, 2021
D-TX	Colin Z. Allred		Jun 22, 2021
D-MI	Elissa Slotkin		Jun 22, 2021
D-CA	Jimmy Panetta		Jun 22, 2021
D-PA	Susan Wild		Jun 22, 2021
D-NM	Teresa Leger Fernandez		Jun 22, 2021
D-NJ	Andy Kim		Jul 1, 2021
D-VA	Jennifer Wexton		Jul 1, 2021
D-RI	James R. Langevin		Jul 16, 2021
D-CA	Karen Bass		Sep 3, 2021
D-NY	Mondaire Jones		Sep 10, 2021
D-PA	Chrissy Houlahan		Sep 22, 2021
D-CA	Mike Levin		Sep 22, 2021
D-NJ	Donald Norcross		Sep 28, 2021
D-IL	Jesús G. "Chuy" García		Nov 4, 2021
D-PA	Conor Lamb		Feb 4, 2022
D-NY	Antonio Delgado		Mar 15, 2022
D-MD	C. A. Dutch Ruppersberger		Mar 15, 2022
D-WA	Derek Kilmer		Mar 15, 2022
D-NY	Hakeem S. Jeffries		Mar 15, 2022
D-IL	Janice D. Schakowsky		Mar 15, 2022
D-FL	Kathy Castor		Mar 15, 2022
D-OR	Kurt Schrader		Mar 15, 2022
D-IL	Raja Krishnamoorthi		Mar 15, 2022
D-MI	Rashida Tlaib		Mar 15, 2022
D-MD	Anthony G. Brown		Mar 18, 2022
D-NY	Brian Higgins		Mar 18, 2022
D-IL	Cheri Bustos		Mar 18, 2022
D-MO	Emanuel Cleaver		Mar 18, 2022
D-TX	Joaquin Castro		Mar 18, 2022
D-FL	Lois Frankel		Mar 18, 2022
D-OH	Marcy Kaptur		Mar 18, 2022
D-IL	Sean Casten		Mar 18, 2022
D-NJ	Tom Malinowski		Mar 18, 2022
D-NY	Adriano Espaillat		Mar 28, 2022
D-MN	Angie Craig		Mar 28, 2022
D-CA	Barbara Lee		Mar 28, 2022
D-IL	Bill Foster		Mar 28, 2022
D-NJ	Bill Pascrell, Jr.		Mar 28, 2022
D-FL	Darren Soto		Mar 28, 2022
D-MI	Debbie Dingell		Mar 28, 2022
D-NV	Dina Titus		Mar 28, 2022
D-FL	Frederica S. Wilson		Mar 28, 2022
D-AZ	Greg Stanton		Mar 28, 2022
D-CA	Jerry McNerney		Mar 28, 2022
D-CT	John B. Larson		Mar 28, 2022
D-NY	Joseph D. Morelle		Mar 28, 2022
D-NJ	Josh Gottheimer		Mar 28, 2022
D-CA	Josh Harder		Mar 28, 2022
D-NY	Kathleen M. Rice		Mar 28, 2022
D-GA	Lucy McBath		Mar 28, 2022
D-WA	Marilyn Strickland		Mar 28, 2022
D-GA	Nikema Williams		Mar 28, 2022
D-CA	Norma J. Torres		Mar 28, 2022
D-CA	Pete Aguilar		Mar 28, 2022
D-CA	Raul Ruiz		Mar 28, 2022
D-IL	Robin L. Kelly		Mar 28, 2022
D-CA	Scott H. Peters		Mar 28, 2022
D-FL	Sheila Cherfilus-McCormick		Mar 28, 2022
D-NV	Susie Lee		Mar 28, 2022
D-NY	Yvette D. Clarke		Mar 28, 2022
D-VA	Abigail Davis Spanberger		Mar 29, 2022
D-FL	Charlie Crist		Mar 29, 2022
D-MD	David J. Trone		Mar 29, 2022
D-NJ	Donald M. Payne, Jr.		Mar 29, 2022
D-CA	Doris O. Matsui		Mar 29, 2022
D-MI	Haley M. Stevens		Mar 29, 2022
D-TX	Lloyd Doggett		Mar 29, 2022
D-PA	Matt Cartwright		Mar 29, 2022
D-WI	Ron Kind		Mar 29, 2022
D-NY	Sean Patrick Maloney		Mar 29, 2022
D-MI	Daniel T. Kildee		Apr 1, 2022
D-NY	Grace Meng		Apr 1, 2022
D-CA	Katie Porter		Apr 1, 2022
D-PA	Madeleine Dean		Apr 1, 2022
D-WA	Rick Larsen		Apr 1, 2022
D-VA	Robert C. "Bobby" Scott		Apr 1, 2022
D-CT	Rosa L. DeLauro		Apr 1, 2022
D-MD	Steny H. Hoyer		Apr 1, 2022
D-CA	Ted Lieu		Apr 1, 2022
D-WA	Adam Smith		Apr 7, 2022
D-NH	Ann M. Kuster		Apr 7, 2022
D-IL	Bradley Scott Schneider		Apr 7, 2022
D-CO	Joe Neguse		Apr 7, 2022
D-IL	Lauren Underwood		Apr 7, 2022
D-CA	Salud O. Carbajal		Apr 7, 2022
D-TX	Sylvia R. Garcia		Apr 7, 2022
D-NC	Alma S. Adams		May 3, 2022
D-IN	Frank J. Mrvan		May 3, 2022
D-TX	Lizzie Fletcher		May 3, 2022
D-CA	Maxine Waters		May 3, 2022
D-NC	Kathy E. Manning		May 11, 2022
D-TX	Veronica Escobar		May 11, 2022
D-VA	A. Donald McEachin		May 24, 2022
D-PA	Michael F. Doyle		May 24, 2022
D-NY	Thomas R. Suozzi		May 27, 2022
D-GA	Sanford D. Bishop, Jr.		Jul 15, 2022
D-CA	Jared Huffman		Aug 9, 2022
D-CA	Zoe Lofgren		Aug 9, 2022
D-GA	Carolyn Bourdeaux		Aug 12, 2022
D-NJ	Mikie Sherrill		Aug 30, 2022
D-FL	Al Lawson, Jr.		Sep 13, 2022
D-MD	Kweisi Mfume		Sep 13, 2022
D-WA	Pramila Jayapal		Sep 13, 2022
D-CA	J. Luis Correa		Sep 14, 2022
D-CA	Adam B. Schiff		Sep 19, 2022

Committees 1

Where it was sent and what each committee and subcommittee did with it, in order.

Chamber	Committee	What it did
House	Judiciary Committee	Referred Jan 4, 2021
	Constitution and Limited Government Subcommittee	Referred Mar 4, 2021

Actions 3

Everything that happened, newest first.

Mar 4, 2021Referred to the Subcommittee on the Constitution, Civil Rights, and Civil Liberties.
Jan 4, 2021Introduced in House
Jan 4, 2021Referred to the House Committee on the Judiciary.

In the Congressional Record 1

Days the Record’s own index lists this resolution, newest first, with the pages and the members it names. Pages starting H are the House, S the Senate, E Extensions of Remarks.

Where	In the Record	Members	Date
House	Lists H56H.J. Res. 1–13	—	Jan 4, 2021

Research

What has been written about this resolution: committee reports, cost estimates, the sponsor’s authority statement, printed hearings and the Congressional Research Service’s work.

Constitutional authority

Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant to the following: Article V of the Constitution: The Congress, whenever two thirds of both Houses shall deem it necessary, shall propose amendments to this Constitution, or, on the application of the legislatures of two thirds of the several states, shall call a convention for proposing amendments, which, either case, shall be valid to all intents and purposes, as part of this Constitution, when ratified by the legislatures of three fourths of the several states or by conventions in three fourths thereof, as the one or the other mode of ratification may be proposed by the Congress; provided that no amendment which may be made prior to the year one thousand eight hundred and eight shall in any manner affect the first and fourth clauses in the ninth section of the first article; and no state, without its consent, shall be deprived of its equal suffrage in the Senate.

The sponsor’s statement, as printed in the Congressional Record, vol. 167, no. 2, January 4, 2021, page H56.

Related bills 2

Companion bills and other measures the record links to this one.

Bill	Title	Relationship	Latest action
HJRES 2	Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States relating to contributions and expenditures intended to affect elections.	Reintroduction of	Jan 3, 2019
SJRES 25	A joint resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States relating to contributions and expenditures intended to affect elections.	Related bill	Sep 20, 2021

Titles 1

Every title it has carried, official and short, at each stage.

Official Title as Introduced: Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States relating to contributions and expenditures intended to affect elections.

Subjects

Assigned by the Library of Congress. Policy area: Government Operations and Politics.

Text 1

Each version as it was printed, newest first.

Jan 4, 2021Introduced in House

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Everything here is as published by Congress: the summary is the Congressional Research Service's, the action wording is the clerks', and the subjects are the Library of Congress's. How far it got is read from the actions themselves, taking the most recent one of each kind, so a bill that failed a vote and later passed is shown as having passed. Records come from this resolution on Congress.gov and govinfo.gov; cost estimates are the Congressional Budget Office's, and the hearings are the printed hearings GovInfo publishes, which can appear months after the hearing.