AMERICAN BAR ASSOCIATION for AMERICAN BAR ASSOCIATION

Banking BAN

H.R. 3468, the Credit Union Share Insurance Fund Parity Act

Contacted: HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES; Defense, Dept of (DOD); Health & Human Services, Dept of (HHS); U.S. Trade Representative (USTR); State, Dept of (DOS); Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI); Treasury, Dept of; Veterans Affairs, Dept of (VA); Legal Services Corporation; Commerce, Dept of (DOC); Federal Trade Commission (FTC); White House Office; Internal Revenue Service (IRS); U.S. Copyright Office; Office of Management & Budget (OMB); Justice, Dept of (DOJ); Labor, Dept of (DOL); SENATE; Natl Security Agency (NSA); Homeland Security, Dept of (DHS)

Bills named: H.R. 3468 (113th)

Consumer Issues/Safety/Products CSP

S. 878, H.R. 1844, the Arbitration Fairness Act S. 2364, H.R. 4361, the Sunshine in Litigation Act

Contacted: Homeland Security, Dept of (DHS); Commerce, Dept of (DOC); White House Office; HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES; Veterans Affairs, Dept of (VA); U.S. Copyright Office; State, Dept of (DOS); Natl Security Agency (NSA); Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI); Legal Services Corporation; Federal Trade Commission (FTC); U.S. Trade Representative (USTR); Justice, Dept of (DOJ); Office of Management & Budget (OMB); Labor, Dept of (DOL); Treasury, Dept of; Defense, Dept of (DOD); SENATE; Internal Revenue Service (IRS); Health & Human Services, Dept of (HHS)

Bills named: H.R. 4361 (113th), S. 2364 (113th), H.R. 1844 (113th), S. 878 (113th)

Trade (domestic/foreign) TRD

General discussions on issues relating to international trade in legal services and market access initiatives, including in ongoing Trans-Pacific Partnership, Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership and Trade in Services Agreement negotiations.

Contacted: Health & Human Services, Dept of (HHS); Internal Revenue Service (IRS); Justice, Dept of (DOJ); U.S. Trade Representative (USTR); Office of Management & Budget (OMB); U.S. Copyright Office; Labor, Dept of (DOL); Veterans Affairs, Dept of (VA); Defense, Dept of (DOD); Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI); Homeland Security, Dept of (DHS); White House Office; Federal Trade Commission (FTC); HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES; Treasury, Dept of; Natl Security Agency (NSA); State, Dept of (DOS); Legal Services Corporation; Commerce, Dept of (DOC); SENATE

Defense DEF

H.R. 4435, the National Defense Authorization Act - provisions relating to Guantanamo detainees; provisions in Sec. 547 re: oppose amending the Servicemembers Civil Relief Act in a manner that will open the door to federal litigation in child custody cases.

Contacted: Natl Security Agency (NSA); SENATE; HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES; U.S. Copyright Office; Health & Human Services, Dept of (HHS); Labor, Dept of (DOL); White House Office; Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI); Veterans Affairs, Dept of (VA); Office of Management & Budget (OMB); Homeland Security, Dept of (DHS); U.S. Trade Representative (USTR); Defense, Dept of (DOD); Treasury, Dept of; Commerce, Dept of (DOC); Federal Trade Commission (FTC); Legal Services Corporation; Internal Revenue Service (IRS); Justice, Dept of (DOJ); State, Dept of (DOS)

Bills named: H.R. 4435 (113th)

Civil Rights/Civil Liberties CIV

H.R. 377, S. 84, S. 2199, the Paycheck Fairness Act S. 815, the Employment Non-Discrimination Act H.R. 3899, S. 1945, the Voting Rights Amendment Act of 2014

Contacted: Federal Trade Commission (FTC); State, Dept of (DOS); Justice, Dept of (DOJ); U.S. Copyright Office; U.S. Trade Representative (USTR); Defense, Dept of (DOD); Veterans Affairs, Dept of (VA); Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI); Internal Revenue Service (IRS); Office of Management & Budget (OMB); White House Office; Homeland Security, Dept of (DHS); SENATE; Health & Human Services, Dept of (HHS); Natl Security Agency (NSA); Labor, Dept of (DOL); Legal Services Corporation; Commerce, Dept of (DOC); Treasury, Dept of; HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

Bills named: S. 84 (113th), H.R. 377 (113th), S. 815 (113th), H.R. 3899 (113th), S. 2199 (113th), S. 1945 (113th)

Financial Institutions/Investments/Securities FIN

S. 1465 and H.R. 3331, Incorporation Transparency and Law Enforcement Assistance Actprovisions requiring states, certain businesses, and company formation agents to obtain and disclose beneficial ownership information regarding new companies and subjecting lawyers that act as formation agents to the anti-money laundering and suspicious activity reporting requirements of the Bank Secrecy Act.Department of the Treasury Financial Crimes Enforcement Network Advance Notice of Proposed Rulemaking on Customer Due Diligence Requirements for Financial Institutions, RIN 1506-AB15, 77 Fed. Reg. 13046 (March 5, 2012)provisions requiring law firms that establish accounts at financial institutions on behalf of clients to disclose the identity and beneficial ownership information regarding those clients S.1533 and H.R.1554, Stop Tax Haven Abuse Actprovisions subjecting lawyers that act as formation agents to the anti-money laundering and suspicious activity reporting requirements of the Bank Secrecy Act S. 268, Cut Unjustified Tax Loopholes Actprovisions subjecting lawyers that act as formation agents to the anti-money laundering and suspicious activity reporting requirements of the Bank Secrecy Act

Contacted: Defense, Dept of (DOD); Legal Services Corporation; Internal Revenue Service (IRS); Natl Security Agency (NSA); Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI); Treasury, Dept of; U.S. Copyright Office; Office of Management & Budget (OMB); Homeland Security, Dept of (DHS); Labor, Dept of (DOL); Health & Human Services, Dept of (HHS); HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES; Federal Trade Commission (FTC); State, Dept of (DOS); U.S. Trade Representative (USTR); Justice, Dept of (DOJ); White House Office; Commerce, Dept of (DOC); Veterans Affairs, Dept of (VA); SENATE

Bills named: H.R. 3331 (113th), S. 268 (113th), S. 1533 (113th), H.R. 1554 (113th), S. 1465 (113th)

Taxation/Internal Revenue Code TAX

Draft legislation, Crime Victims Restitution and Court Fee Intercept Act Section 212 of the draft "Tax Reform Act of 2013," Sec. 3301 of the draft "Tax Reform Act of 2014" and Section 51 of the similar Senate draft legislation that would require law firms and personal service businesses with annual gross receipts over $10 million to use the accrual method of accounting rather than the cash receipts and disbursement method of accounting.Comments on funding for the Joint Committee on Taxation Comments on summary of staff discussion draft on reforming tax administration H.R. 2509, S. 1224, the Civil Justice Tax Fairness Act

Contacted: White House Office; SENATE; Justice, Dept of (DOJ); Homeland Security, Dept of (DHS); Legal Services Corporation; Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI); Health & Human Services, Dept of (HHS); HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES; Natl Security Agency (NSA); State, Dept of (DOS); Labor, Dept of (DOL); Treasury, Dept of; U.S. Copyright Office; U.S. Trade Representative (USTR); Federal Trade Commission (FTC); Defense, Dept of (DOD); Office of Management & Budget (OMB); Commerce, Dept of (DOC); Veterans Affairs, Dept of (VA); Internal Revenue Service (IRS)

Bills named: H.R. 2509 (113th), S. 1224 (113th)

Copyright/Patent/Trademark CPT

H.R. 2582, the Patents and Trademarks Emerging New Technology Jobs Act S.1612, the Patent Litigation Integrity Act of 2013 S.1720, the Patent Transparency and Improvements Act of 2013 H.R. 4103, the American Royalties Too ActS. 866, the "Patent Quality Improvement Act of 2013" S. 1013, the "Patent Abuse Reduction Act of 2013" S. 2049, the "Transparency in Assertion of Patents Act" H.R. 4287, S. 2150, the Independent Innovator and Repurposing Act H.R. 3309, the Innovation Act

Contacted: Commerce, Dept of (DOC); Treasury, Dept of; Labor, Dept of (DOL); Internal Revenue Service (IRS); Veterans Affairs, Dept of (VA); Natl Security Agency (NSA); U.S. Copyright Office; State, Dept of (DOS); HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES; U.S. Trade Representative (USTR); Justice, Dept of (DOJ); Legal Services Corporation; Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI); Health & Human Services, Dept of (HHS); Office of Management & Budget (OMB); Federal Trade Commission (FTC); White House Office; SENATE; Defense, Dept of (DOD); Homeland Security, Dept of (DHS)

Bills named: H.R. 3309 (113th), S. 2049 (113th), S. 1612 (113th), S. 1013 (113th), H.R. 4103 (113th), H.R. 4287 (113th), S. 1720 (113th), S. 2150 (113th), H.R. 2582 (113th)

Health Issues HCR

HR 3717, the Helping Families in Mental Health Crisis Act of 2013 - provisions relating to funding of the Protection and Advocacy for Individuals with Mean Illness (PAIMI) system. H.R. 4122, S. 1562, the Older Americans Act Reauthorization Act of 2014 Discussions on activities to raise awareness of elder justice issues and retore funding to Older Americans Act programs

Contacted: Legal Services Corporation; Commerce, Dept of (DOC); U.S. Copyright Office; Homeland Security, Dept of (DHS); Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI); Internal Revenue Service (IRS); Treasury, Dept of; SENATE; Natl Security Agency (NSA); Federal Trade Commission (FTC); Labor, Dept of (DOL); White House Office; HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES; Health & Human Services, Dept of (HHS); Veterans Affairs, Dept of (VA); U.S. Trade Representative (USTR); Defense, Dept of (DOD); Office of Management & Budget (OMB); Justice, Dept of (DOJ); State, Dept of (DOS)

Bills named: H.R. 4122 (113th), S. 1562 (113th), H.R. 3717 (113th)

Veterans VET

S. 287, the Helping Homeless Veterans Act of 2013 - concerning legal services supporting homeless veteran housing H.R. 2839, the Restore Honor to Service Members Act - provisions to correct the military records of service members discharged from the military because of their sexual orientation. General activity in support of clarification and improvement of military discharge status upgradesGeneral activity in support of increasing homeless veteran eligibility for Supportive Services for Veteran Families, Grant Per Diem and HUD VASH housing voucher programs General activity in support of civil legal services in support of veterans

Contacted: U.S. Copyright Office; Defense, Dept of (DOD); Justice, Dept of (DOJ); Labor, Dept of (DOL); U.S. Trade Representative (USTR); HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES; Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI); Legal Services Corporation; State, Dept of (DOS); Health & Human Services, Dept of (HHS); Homeland Security, Dept of (DHS); Federal Trade Commission (FTC); White House Office; Treasury, Dept of; Internal Revenue Service (IRS); Veterans Affairs, Dept of (VA); SENATE; Office of Management & Budget (OMB); Commerce, Dept of (DOC); Natl Security Agency (NSA)

Bills named: S. 287 (113th), H.R. 2839 (113th)

Foreign Relations FOR

Treaty Doc. 112-7, Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. Issues related to increasing U.S. engagement with the International Criminal Court S.1870, the Supporting At-Risk Children Act - Title III, implementing legislation for the Hague Convention on the International Recovery of Child Support and Other Forms of Family MaintenanceTreaty Doc. 96-53, the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women

Contacted: Internal Revenue Service (IRS); Veterans Affairs, Dept of (VA); Labor, Dept of (DOL); Legal Services Corporation; U.S. Copyright Office; Homeland Security, Dept of (DHS); U.S. Trade Representative (USTR); SENATE; HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES; Commerce, Dept of (DOC); Treasury, Dept of; State, Dept of (DOS); Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI); Federal Trade Commission (FTC); White House Office; Defense, Dept of (DOD); Natl Security Agency (NSA); Office of Management & Budget (OMB); Health & Human Services, Dept of (HHS); Justice, Dept of (DOJ)

Bills named: S. 1870 (113th)

Budget/Appropriations BUD

FY 2015 Labor, Health and Human Services and Education Appropriations funding for programs authorized under the Preserving Safe and Stable Families Act and the federal Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act. H.R.5016, and draft Senate FY 2015 Financial Services and General Government Appropriations funding for Defender Services, the federal judiciary, the Administrative Conference of the U.S., and the Internal Revenue ServiceH.R. 4660, S. 2437, FY 2015 Department of Commerce and Justice, Science, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act funding for the Legal Services Corporation; reentry programs under the Second Chance Act; juvenile justice programs, Bureau of Prison programs and indigent defense services administered by the Department of Justice; funding for the Legal Orientation Program. S. 2499, FY 2015 Department of State, Foreign Operations, and Related Programs Appropriations Act - provision relating to support for international criminal tribunals to investigate, apprehend, and prosecute non-allied foreign nationals accused of genocide, crimes against humanity, or war crimes, and generally on enhancing US engagement with International Criminal Court. H.R. 4486, Military Construction and Veterans Affairs Appropriations Act for FY2015, support funding request for Supportive Services for Veterans Families program. Discussion of Legal Service Corporation's budget request for FY2016

Contacted: Treasury, Dept of; Labor, Dept of (DOL); Office of Management & Budget (OMB); Federal Trade Commission (FTC); SENATE; White House Office; Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI); Homeland Security, Dept of (DHS); State, Dept of (DOS); Legal Services Corporation; Justice, Dept of (DOJ); U.S. Copyright Office; Internal Revenue Service (IRS); HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES; Natl Security Agency (NSA); Health & Human Services, Dept of (HHS); Veterans Affairs, Dept of (VA); U.S. Trade Representative (USTR); Defense, Dept of (DOD); Commerce, Dept of (DOC)

Bills named: H.R. 5016 (113th), S. 2499 (113th), S. 2437 (113th), H.R. 4486 (113th)

Firearms/Guns/Ammunition FIR

S. 649, the Safe Communities, Safe Schools Act of 2013 H.R. 1565, the Public Safety and Second Amendment Rights Protection Act of 2013

Contacted: State, Dept of (DOS); Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI); White House Office; Health & Human Services, Dept of (HHS); Homeland Security, Dept of (DHS); Internal Revenue Service (IRS); U.S. Trade Representative (USTR); Federal Trade Commission (FTC); Justice, Dept of (DOJ); Legal Services Corporation; Treasury, Dept of; U.S. Copyright Office; Veterans Affairs, Dept of (VA); Office of Management & Budget (OMB); Labor, Dept of (DOL); Natl Security Agency (NSA); SENATE; Defense, Dept of (DOD); Commerce, Dept of (DOC); HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

Bills named: H.R. 1565 (113th), S. 649 (113th)

Family issues/Abortion/Adoption FAM

H.R. 3124, the Investing in Permanency for Youth in Foster Care Act S. 1511, the Removing Barriers to Adoption and Supporting Families Act S. 1518, the Improving Outcomes for Youth at Risk for Sex Trafficking Act S. 1732, the Strengthening the Child Welfare Response to Human Trafficking ActS. 1876, the Strengthening and Finding Families for Children Act H.R. 2305, the Promoting Adoption and Legal Guardianship for Children in Foster Care Act H.R. 4909, the Permanent Families for All Children Act H.R. 4980, the Preventing Sex Trafficking and Strengthening Families Act

Contacted: White House Office; Commerce, Dept of (DOC); Defense, Dept of (DOD); Labor, Dept of (DOL); HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES; Treasury, Dept of; Federal Trade Commission (FTC); Health & Human Services, Dept of (HHS); Legal Services Corporation; Veterans Affairs, Dept of (VA); SENATE; Internal Revenue Service (IRS); U.S. Copyright Office; Homeland Security, Dept of (DHS); Justice, Dept of (DOJ); State, Dept of (DOS); Office of Management & Budget (OMB); Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI); Natl Security Agency (NSA); U.S. Trade Representative (USTR)

Bills named: S. 1518 (113th), S. 1732 (113th), H.R. 4909 (113th), H.R. 3124 (113th), H.R. 2305 (113th), H.R. 4980 (113th), S. 1511 (113th)

Government Issues GOV

S. 1385, H.R. 2239, the Federal Judgeship Act of 2013 H.R. 2655, the Lawsuit Abuse Reduction Act Draft bills, Crime Victim Restitution and Court Fee Intercept Act S. 791, the Follow the Money ActDraft legislation amending 28 U.S.C. 1500 to clarify the respective jurisdiction of the U.S. Court of Federal Claims and the U.S. District Court and allowing plaintiffs with claims against the U.S. government to bring simultaneous claims in both courts, with a presumptive stay of the first-filed action Comments to Legal Services Corporation on proposed changes to Private Attorney Involvement regulations Comments to Legal Services Corporation on proposed changes to Grant Assurances that LSC will use in FY15 agreements with LSC grant recipients General comments on improving disclosure of political and campaign spending by entities making political expenditures, regardless of their tax status.

Contacted: Commerce, Dept of (DOC); Office of Management & Budget (OMB); HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES; U.S. Trade Representative (USTR); U.S. Copyright Office; Veterans Affairs, Dept of (VA); Defense, Dept of (DOD); Internal Revenue Service (IRS); SENATE; Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI); White House Office; Federal Trade Commission (FTC); Natl Security Agency (NSA); Justice, Dept of (DOJ); Treasury, Dept of; Homeland Security, Dept of (DHS); Legal Services Corporation; Health & Human Services, Dept of (HHS); State, Dept of (DOS); Labor, Dept of (DOL)

Bills named: S. 791 (113th), S. 1385 (113th), H.R. 2655 (113th), H.R. 2239 (113th)

Law Enforcement/Crime/Criminal Justice LAW

H.R.1860, Criminal Code Modernization and Simplification Act. H.R.2369, Fair Sentencing Clarification Act of 2013. S. 1410, the Smarter Sentencing Act of 2013 H.R. 2865, the Fairness and Accuracy in Criminal Background Checks ActH.R.2372, Fairness in Cocaine Sentencing Act of 2013. H.R.2656, Public Safety Enhancement Act of 2013. S.822, Justice for All Reauthorization Act of 2013. S.1038, End Racial Profiling Act of 2013. S.1690, H.R.3465, the Second Chance Reauthorization Act of 2013 S. 1675, the Recidivism Reduction and Public Safety Act of 2014 H.R. 4455, S. 2235, the Democracy Restoration Act S. 2550, the Civil Rights Voting Restoration Act Recommendations to modify NSAs standard minimization procedures contained in U.S. Signals Intelligence Directive No. 18, Annex A, Appendix 1 and the similar written procedures used by NSA under Section 702 of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act to further strengthen attorney-client privilege protections with respect to intercepted communications of U.S. persons

Contacted: SENATE; Treasury, Dept of; Defense, Dept of (DOD); U.S. Trade Representative (USTR); Homeland Security, Dept of (DHS); Natl Security Agency (NSA); Labor, Dept of (DOL); HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES; Federal Trade Commission (FTC); State, Dept of (DOS); White House Office; Internal Revenue Service (IRS); Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI); Legal Services Corporation; Office of Management & Budget (OMB); Veterans Affairs, Dept of (VA); Justice, Dept of (DOJ); U.S. Copyright Office; Health & Human Services, Dept of (HHS); Commerce, Dept of (DOC)

Bills named: S. 1690 (113th), H.R. 4455 (113th), S. 1038 (113th), S. 2235 (113th), S. 2550 (113th), H.R. 2656 (113th), H.R. 3465 (113th), S. 822 (113th), H.R. 2369 (113th), H.R. 2865 (113th), S. 1410 (113th), S. 1675 (113th), H.R. 1860 (113th)

Immigration IMM

House draft immigration reform legislation - issues relating to government appointed counsel to children and the mentally disabled in immigration proceedings, decreasing use of detention and expanding alternatives to detention, increasing resources for the immigration court system and the federal judiciary, expanding the Legal Orientation Program nationwide, and providing remedies for victims of notario fraud.General communications on issues relating to implementation and enforcement of the National Detention Standards and general communications regarding conditions in immigration detention, including proposed regulations to prevent, detect, and respond to sexual abuse and assault in detention facilities. General communications on exercise of prosecutorial discretion and procedures for issuance of Notices to Appear Communications with the Department of Justice urging the withdrawal of the former Attorney General's opinion in Matter of Silva-Trevino, 24 I&N Dec. 687 (AG 2008) Communications supporting maintaining current legal protections for Unaccompanied Alien Children in the immigration process; ensuring appropriate conditions in detention facilities; and ensuring access to counsel.

Contacted: State, Dept of (DOS); Federal Trade Commission (FTC); Justice, Dept of (DOJ); Treasury, Dept of; Defense, Dept of (DOD); Legal Services Corporation; Veterans Affairs, Dept of (VA); Labor, Dept of (DOL); White House Office; HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES; U.S. Trade Representative (USTR); Homeland Security, Dept of (DHS); U.S. Copyright Office; Internal Revenue Service (IRS); Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI); Commerce, Dept of (DOC); Health & Human Services, Dept of (HHS); Natl Security Agency (NSA); SENATE; Office of Management & Budget (OMB)

Education EDU

General activity in opposition to certain proposed changes to the federal Public Service Loan Forgiveness program

Contacted: Defense, Dept of (DOD); Homeland Security, Dept of (DHS); SENATE; Natl Security Agency (NSA); Internal Revenue Service (IRS); HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES; Justice, Dept of (DOJ); White House Office; U.S. Trade Representative (USTR); Labor, Dept of (DOL); Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI); Treasury, Dept of; Legal Services Corporation; U.S. Copyright Office; Commerce, Dept of (DOC); Health & Human Services, Dept of (HHS); Federal Trade Commission (FTC); State, Dept of (DOS); Veterans Affairs, Dept of (VA); Office of Management & Budget (OMB)

Labor Issues/Antitrust/Workplace LBR

Department of Labor Proposed Rule on the Labor-Management Reporting and Disclosure Act, Interpretation of the Advice Exemption, RIN 1215-AB79 and 1245-AA03, 76 Fed. Reg. 36178 (June 21, 2011) Discussion Draft Standard Merger and Aquisition Reviews Through Equal Rules Act of 2014

Contacted: Defense, Dept of (DOD); Health & Human Services, Dept of (HHS); Federal Trade Commission (FTC); Veterans Affairs, Dept of (VA); Homeland Security, Dept of (DHS); U.S. Trade Representative (USTR); Justice, Dept of (DOJ); Legal Services Corporation; Commerce, Dept of (DOC); White House Office; HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES; Natl Security Agency (NSA); Treasury, Dept of; Internal Revenue Service (IRS); SENATE; Office of Management & Budget (OMB); U.S. Copyright Office; Labor, Dept of (DOL); State, Dept of (DOS); Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)

Homeland Security HOM

General discussions on cybersecurity and implications of legislative proposals and legal and policy issues. General discussions about effort to close confinement facility at Guantanamo

Contacted: HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES; Internal Revenue Service (IRS); Justice, Dept of (DOJ); Federal Trade Commission (FTC); Legal Services Corporation; Commerce, Dept of (DOC); State, Dept of (DOS); SENATE; U.S. Trade Representative (USTR); Veterans Affairs, Dept of (VA); Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI); Treasury, Dept of; White House Office; Office of Management & Budget (OMB); Natl Security Agency (NSA); Defense, Dept of (DOD); U.S. Copyright Office; Health & Human Services, Dept of (HHS); Labor, Dept of (DOL); Homeland Security, Dept of (DHS)