FOIA Improvement Act of 2016
Latest action · Jun 30, 2016 Became Public Law No: 114-185.
Progress
Where this bill reached, and when. A stage with no date was not reached; one that failed a vote and later carried shows the date it carried.
- IntroducedFeb 2, 2015
- Passed SenateMar 15, 2016
- Passed HouseJun 13, 2016
- To the PresidentJun 22, 2016
- Became lawJun 30, 2016Public Law 114-185
Summary
(This measure has not been amended since it was passed by the Senate on March 15, 2016. The summary of that version is repeated here.)
FOIA Improvement Act of 2016
(Sec. 2) This bill amends the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) to:
- require federal agencies to make their disclosable records and documents available for public inspection in an electronic format;
- require agencies to make available for inspection in an electronic format records that have been requested three or more times (frequently requested records);
- prohibit an agency from charging a fee for providing records if the agency misses a deadline for complying with an FOIA request unless unusual circumstances apply and more than 5,000 pages are necessary to respond to the request;
- prohibit an agency from withholding information requested under FOIA unless the agency reasonably foresees that disclosure would harm an interest protected by a FOIA exemption or disclosure is prohibited by law (presumption of openness);
- limit the FOIA exemption for agency communications to allow the disclosure of agency records created 25 years or more before the date of a FOIA request;
- require the Office of Government Information Services (OGIS) to offer mediation services to resolve disputes between agencies and FOIA requesters;
- expand the authority and duties of the Chief FOIA Officer of each agency to require officers to serve as the primary agency liaison with OGIS and the Office of Information Policy;
- establish a Chief FOIA Officers Council to develop recommendations for increasing compliance and efficiency in responding to FOIA requests, disseminating information about agency experiences, identifying, developing, and coordinating initiatives to increase transparency and compliance, and promoting performance measures to ensure agency compliance with FOIA requirements; and
- require the Director of the Office of Management and Budget to ensure the operation of a consolidated online request portal that allows a member of the public to submit a request for records to any agency from a single website.
(Sec. 3) The head of each agency (i.e., each authority of the U.S. government, excluding the Congress, U.S. courts, governments of U.S. territories and possessions, and the government of the District of Columbia) is required to: (1) review agency regulations and issue regulations on procedures for disclosure of records in accordance with the amendments made by this bill, and (2) include in such regulations procedures for engaging in dispute resolution through the FOIA Public Liaison and OGIS.
(Sec. 4) The program for the efficient management of federal agency records is expanded to require agency heads to establish procedures for: (1) identifying records of general interest or use to the public that are appropriate for public disclosure, and (2) posting such records in a publicly-accessible electronic format.
(Sec. 5) No additional funds are authorized to carry out the requirements of this bill.
(Sec. 6) This bill shall take effect on its enactment date and shall apply to all FOIA requests for records made after its enactment date.
Cosponsors 5
Members who signed on, in the order they did. Signatures ran from Feb 2, 2015 to Mar 14, 2016; 2 are original cosponsors, there from the day it was introduced.
| Seat | Cosponsor | Signed on | |
|---|---|---|---|
| R-IA | Chuck Grassley | Original | Feb 2, 2015 |
| D-VT | Patrick J. Leahy | Original | Feb 2, 2015 |
| D-DE | Christopher A. Coons | Feb 9, 2015 | |
| R-NE | Deb Fischer | Feb 11, 2015 | |
| D-MT | Jon Tester | Mar 14, 2016 |
Committees 1
Where it was sent and what each committee and subcommittee did with it, in order.
| Chamber | Committee | What it did |
|---|---|---|
| Senate | Judiciary Committee | Referred Feb 2, 2015Markup Feb 5, 2015Reported Feb 9, 2015 |
Actions 19
Everything that happened, newest first.
- Jun 30, 2016Signed by President.
- Jun 30, 2016Became Public Law No: 114-185.
- Jun 22, 2016Presented to President.
- Jun 13, 2016Mr. Meadows moved to suspend the rules and pass the bill.
- Jun 13, 2016Considered under suspension of the rules. (consideration: CR H3714-3719)
- Jun 13, 2016DEBATE - The House proceeded with forty minutes of debate on S. 337.
- Jun 13, 2016Passed/agreed to in House: On motion to suspend the rules and pass the bill Agreed to by voice vote. (text: CR H3714-3716)
- Jun 13, 2016Motion to reconsider laid on the table Agreed to without objection.
- Mar 16, 2016Message on Senate action sent to the House.
- Mar 16, 2016Received in the House.
- Mar 16, 2016Held at the desk.
- Mar 15, 2016Measure laid before Senate by unanimous consent. (consideration: CR S1494-1496)
- Mar 15, 2016Passed/agreed to in Senate: Passed Senate with an amendment by Unanimous Consent.
- Feb 23, 2015By Senator Grassley from Committee on the Judiciary filed written report. Report No. 114-4. Additional views filed.
- Feb 9, 2015Committee on the Judiciary. Reported by Senator Grassley without amendment. Without written report.
- Feb 9, 2015Placed on Senate Legislative Calendar under General Orders. Calendar No. 17.
- Feb 5, 2015Committee on the Judiciary. Ordered to be reported without amendment favorably.
- Feb 2, 2015Introduced in Senate
- Feb 2, 2015Read twice and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary. (text of measure as introduced: CR S699-701)
In the Congressional Record 5
Days the Record’s own index lists this bill, newest first, with the pages and the members it names. Pages starting H are the House, S the Senate, E Extensions of Remarks.
| Where | In the Record | Members | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| House · Senate | Debate and remarks H3714–H3719, S3823Text printed H3714–H3716 | Carolyn B. Maloney D-NY, Darrell Issa R-CA, Elijah E. Cummings D-MD, Mark Meadows R-NC, Patrick J. Leahy D-VT | Jun 13, 2016 |
| Senate | Debate and remarks S1494–S1496Amendments S1508 | Chuck Grassley R-IA, John Cornyn R-TX (amendment), Patrick J. Leahy D-VT (amendment) | Mar 15, 2016 |
| Senate | Debate and remarks S3304 | John Cornyn R-TX, Patrick J. Leahy D-VT, Sherrod Brown D-OH | May 22, 2015 |
| Senate | Debate and remarks S2031–S2033 | Chuck Grassley R-IA | Mar 26, 2015 |
| Senate | Debate and remarks S701Text printed S699–S701 | John Cornyn R-TX (text), Patrick J. Leahy D-VT | Feb 2, 2015 |
Research
What has been written about this bill: committee reports, cost estimates, the sponsor’s authority statement, printed hearings and the Congressional Research Service’s work.
Committee report
Congressional Budget Office cost estimate
- Feb 18, 2015S. 337, FOIA Improvement Act of 2015As reported by the Senate Committee on the Judiciary on February 9, 2015
Printed hearings 1
Hearings whose printed record names this bill, newest first: hearings on it, and wider hearings where it came up.
| Number | Hearing | Committee | Held |
|---|---|---|---|
| S. Hrg. 114-882 | ENSURING AN INFORMED CITIZENRY: EXAMINING THE ADMINISTRATION'S EFFORTS TO IMPROVE OPEN GOVERNMENT173 pages | Judiciary Committee | May 6, 2015 |
CRS reports 7
Congressional Research Service work that CRS links to this bill or the law it became, newest first.
Cite it 7
Products on other subjects that cite it, usually among other measures.
| Product | Title | Kind | Published |
|---|---|---|---|
| R48954 | Data.gov: Implementation and Perspectives on Its Functions | Report | May 21, 2026 |
| IN12502 | OMB Releases OPEN Government Data Act Guidance | Insight | Feb 4, 2025 |
| R47058 | Access to Government Information: An Overview | Report | Dec 18, 2023 |
| R44502 | Senate Medical Innovation Bills: Overview and Comparison with the 21st Century Cures Act (H.R. 6) Archived | Report | May 17, 2016 |
| R43924 | Freedom of Information Act Legislation in the 114th Congress: Issue Summary and Side-by-Side Analysis Archived | Report | Apr 21, 2016 |
Amendments 1
Amendments offered to this bill.
| Amendment | Description | Offered by | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| SA 3452 | In the nature of a substitute. | John Cornyn R-TX | Amendment SA 3452 agreed to in Senate by Unanimous Consent. |
Related bills 1
Companion bills and other measures the record links to this one.
| Bill | Title | Relationship | Latest action |
|---|---|---|---|
| HR 653 | FOIA Act | Related bill | Jan 12, 2016 |
Titles 6
Every title it has carried, official and short, at each stage.
- Official Title as Introduced
- A bill to improve the Freedom of Information Act.
- Short Titles as Introduced
- FOIA Improvement Act of 2015
- Short Titles as Reported to Senate
- FOIA Improvement Act of 2015
- Short Titles as Passed House
- FOIA Improvement Act of 2016
- Short Titles as Passed Senate
- FOIA Improvement Act of 2016
- Short Titles as Enacted
- FOIA Improvement Act of 2016
Subjects
Assigned by the Library of Congress. Policy area: Government Operations and Politics.
- Administrative law and regulatory procedures
- Administrative remedies
- Alternative dispute resolution, mediation, arbitration
- Congressional oversight
- Executive agency funding and structure
- Federal officials
- Freedom of information
- Government information and archives
- Government Operations and Politics
- Government studies and investigations
Text 4
Each version as it was printed, newest first.
- —Enrolled Bill
- Mar 15, 2016Engrossed in Senate
- Feb 9, 2015Reported to Senate
- Feb 2, 2015Introduced in Senate
Everything here is as published by Congress: the summary is the Congressional Research Service's, the action wording is the clerks', and the subjects are the Library of Congress's. How far it got is read from the actions themselves, taking the most recent one of each kind, so a bill that failed a vote and later passed is shown as having passed. Records come from this bill on Congress.gov and govinfo.gov; cost estimates are the Congressional Budget Office's, and the hearings are the printed hearings GovInfo publishes, which can appear months after the hearing.