Payer State Transparency Act of 2014 - Directs: (1) the Director of the Bureau of Economic Analysis of the Department of Commerce to calculate the federal tax burden of each state for each fiscal year, (2) the Director of the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) to calculate the total amount of federal outlays received by each state in each fiscal year, and (3) the Secretary of Commerce and the OMB Director to jointly report to Congress on the results of such calculations and publish such report on the publicly accessible website of the Bureau of Economic Analysis.