Safeguarding American Agriculture Act of 2012 - Amends the Homeland Security Act of 2002 to direct the Secretary of Homeland Security (DHS) (Secretary), through the Commissioner of U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP), to: (1) identify career paths for agriculture specialists, including identifying the education, training, experience, and assignments necessary for CBP career progression; (2) publish information on such career paths; (3) develop a plan to improve agriculture specialist recruitment and retention; and (4) determine equipment and other resource needs.
Authorizes the Secretary and the Secretary of Agriculture (USDA) to establish an interagency rotation program.
Directs the Secretary, through the Commissioner, to report to Congress regarding: (1) the implementation status of the action plans developed by the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service-U.S. Customs and Border Protection Joint Task Force on Improved Agriculture Inspection, and (2) any additional legal authority the Secretary determines is necessary to carry out the agriculture inspection mission of DHS.