Research in Aquaculture Opportunity and Responsibility Act of 2010 - Prohibits any executive agency or any Regional Fishery Management Council from developing or approving a rule, regulation, or fishery management plan to permit or regulate offshore aquaculture until the date that is three years after the date of the submission of the reports required by this Act. Applies such prohibition to existing offshore aquaculture permits issued by federal agencies.
Directs the Secretary of Commerce (Secretary) to report to Congress regarding: (1) offshore aquaculture; and (2) the economic potential of land-based recirculating aquaculture systems.
Directs the Secretary and the Secretary of Agriculture (USDA) to provide grants for research related to land-based recirculating aquaculture systems.