Adjusting Imports of Timber, Lumber, and Their Derivative Products Into the United States

Proclamation 10976 of September 29, 2025

Adjusting Imports of Timber, Lumber, and Their
Derivative Products Into the United States

By the President of the United States of America

A Proclamation

1. On July 1, 2025, the Secretary of Commerce
(Secretary) transmitted to me a report on his
investigation into the effects of imports of timber,
lumber, and their derivative products (collectively,
wood products) on the national security of the United
States under section 232 of the Trade Expansion Act of
1962, as amended, 19 U.S.C. 1862 (section 232). Based
on the facts considered in that investigation, the
Secretary found and advised me of his opinion that wood
products are being imported into the United States in
such quantities and under such circumstances as to
threaten to impair the national security of the United
States and provided recommendations for action under
section 232 to adjust the imports of wood products so
that such imports will not threaten to impair the
national security of the United States.

2. The Secretary found that present quantities and
circumstances of wood product imports are weakening our
economy, resulting in the persistent threats of
closures of wood mills and disruptions of wood product
supply chains, among other things, and diminishing the
utilization of production capacity of our domestic wood
industry. Because of the state of the United States
wood industry, the United States may be unable to meet
demands for wood products that are crucial to the
national defense and critical infrastructure. Taking
into account the close relation of the economic welfare
of the Nation to our national security and other
relevant factors, see 19 U.S.C. 1862(d), the Secretary
found that the present quantities and circumstances of
the imports of wood products threaten to impair the
national security as defined in section 232.

3. In reaching this conclusion, the Secretary found
that wood products serve as essential inputs across
multiple sectors, supporting national defense, critical
infrastructure, economic stability, and industrial
resilience in the United States.

4. The Secretary found that wood products are used in
critical functions of the Department of War, including
building infrastructure for operational testing,
housing and storage for personnel and materiel,
transporting munitions, as an ingredient in munitions,
and as a component in missile-defense systems and
thermal-protection systems for nuclear-reentry
vehicles. Further, the Secretary found that wood
products support multiple critical infrastructure
sectors of the United States, sectors that involve
assets, systems, and networks considered so vital that
their incapacitation or destruction would have a
debilitating effect on the national security, economic
welfare, or national public health or safety of the
United States. Wood products are particularly important
to communications, energy, transportation, defense, and
manufacturing, especially in supporting the United
States power grid and transportation infrastructure.

5. The Secretary also found that while the United
States possesses ample raw materials and industrial
capacity to meet domestic wood products demand, wood
production in the United States remains underdeveloped.
At the same time, imports of wood products continue to
rise, signaling foreign

dependence and creating vulnerabilities in the domestic
industry. Foreign subsidies and unfair trade practices
are eroding the competitiveness of the United States
wood products industry and disincentivizing investment
and modernization. These circumstances have weakened
domestic manufacturing capacity for wood products, and
have increased reliance on foreign imports, weakening
United States industrial resilience and placing
national security and economic stability at risk.

6. The Secretary identified that these practices are
threatening the United States wood products industry in
a way that increases mill closures and weakens domestic
capacity and employment across the United States. These
closures and the attendant loss of jobs will raise
costs and could inhibit the United States from
fulfilling its national-security needs and demands for
wood products.

7. In light of these findings, the Secretary
recommended a range of actions, including actions to
adjust the imports of wood products so that such
imports will not threaten to impair the national
security of the United States.

8. After considering the Secretary's report, the
factors in section 232 (19 U.S.C. 1862(d)), and other
relevant factors and information, I concur with the
Secretary's finding that wood products are being
imported into the United States in such quantities and
under such circumstances as to threaten to impair the
national security of the United States. In my judgment,
and in light of the Secretary's report, the factors in
section 232(d) (19 U.S.C. 1862(d)), and other relevant
factors and information, I also determine that it is
necessary and appropriate to adopt a plan of action
that imposes tariffs, as described below, to adjust
imports of wood products so that such imports will not
threaten to impair the national security of the United
States.

9. In my judgment, the actions in this proclamation
will, among other things, strengthen supply chains,
bolster industrial resilience, create high-quality
jobs, and increase domestic capacity utilization for
wood products such that the United States can fully
satisfy domestic consumption while also creating
economic benefits through increased exports. These
actions will also encourage capital investment and
drive innovation across the United States wood products
industry, and strengthen the ability of the military
and national-defense industry to domestically produce
key munitions and defense systems and perform other
required critical national-security functions.
Modernization and renewed investment will curb further
erosion of the United States wood industry and improve
its efficiency, resource utilization, and product
yield. These actions will adjust the imports of wood
products and are necessary and appropriate to address
the threat to impair the national security of the
United States posed by imports of such articles.

10. To ensure the tariffs on wood products in this
proclamation are not circumvented or that the purpose
of this action to eliminate the threat to the national
security of the United States by imports of wood
products is not undermined, I deem it necessary and
appropriate to establish processes to identify and
impose tariffs on additional wood products, as further
described below.

11. To ensure the effectiveness of the actions in this
proclamation, I determine that it is necessary and
appropriate to address undervaluation, as further
described below. In my judgment, when there is a threat
of undervaluation, it may be appropriate for specific,
compound, or mixed tariffs to be imposed.

12. Consistent with the General Terms for the United
States of America and the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Northern Ireland Economic Prosperity Deal
(May 8, 2025), the United States intends to coordinate
with the United Kingdom to adopt a structured,
negotiated approach to addressing the national security
threat in the wood-products industry. Furthermore,
pursuant to the terms of the framework agreements I
have negotiated with the European Union and Japan, I
intend to ensure that the tariff rate that

applies to originating wood-products of the European
Union and Japan subject to this proclamation shall not
exceed 15 percent.

13. Section 232 authorizes the President to take action
to adjust the imports of an article and its derivatives
that are being imported into the United States in such
quantities or under such circumstances as to threaten
to impair the national security. Section 232 includes
the authority to adopt and carry out a plan of action,
with adjustments over time, to address the national-
security threat. That initial plan of action may
include negotiations of agreements with foreign trading
partners along with other actions to adjust imports to
address the national security threat, including
tariffs. If action under section 232 includes the
negotiation of an agreement, such as one contemplated
in section 232(c)(3)(A)(i), 19 U.S.C. 1862(c)(3)(A)(i),
then section 232 also directs the President to take
other actions he deems necessary to adjust imports and
eliminate the threat that the imported article poses to
national security if such an agreement is not entered
into within 180 days of the date of this proclamation
or is not being carried out or is ineffective, see 19
U.S.C. 1862(c)(3)(A).

14. The Secretary and the United States Trade
Representative (Trade Representative) have advised me
that there are ongoing negotiations of agreements with
foreign trading partners that at least in part include
discussions over wood products. In my judgment, and
after considering the Secretary's report, the factors
in section 232(d), 19 U.S.C. 1862(d), the additional
information provided to me by the Secretary and the
Trade Representative, and other relevant factors and
information, I have decided to include in my plan of
action negotiations, with adjustments to tariffs
depending on the status or outcome of such
negotiations. I therefore direct the Trade
Representative, in consultation with the Secretary, to
pursue negotiation of agreements or continue current
negotiations of agreements, such as agreements
contemplated in section 232(c)(3)(A)(i), 19 U.S.C.
1862(c)(3)(A)(i), to address the threatened impairment
of the national security with respect to imported wood
products.

15. Section 604 of the Trade Act of 1974, as amended,
19 U.S.C. 2483 (section 604), authorizes the President
to embody in the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the
United States (HTSUS) the substance of statutes
affecting import treatment, and actions thereunder,
including the removal, modification, continuance, or
imposition of any rate of duty or other import
restriction.

NOW, THEREFORE, I, DONALD J. TRUMP, President of the
United States of America, by the authority vested in me
by the Constitution and the laws of the United States
of America, including section 232, the International
Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.)
(IEEPA), section 604, and section 301 of title 3,
United States Code, do hereby proclaim as follows:

(1) Except as otherwise provided in this proclamation, imports of softwood
timber and lumber, as set forth in Annex I to this proclamation, shall be
subject to a 10 percent ad valorem duty rate.

(2) Except as otherwise provided in this proclamation, imports of certain
upholstered wooden products, as listed in Annex I to this proclamation,
will be subject to a 25 percent ad valorem duty rate.

(3) Except as otherwise provided in this proclamation, imports of kitchen
cabinets and vanities, as listed in Annex I to this proclamation, will be
subject to a 25 percent ad valorem duty rate. This duty shall apply to
completed kitchen cabinets and vanities as well as parts imported for use
in kitchen cabinets and vanities.

(4) Products tariffed pursuant to this proclamation shall not be subject to
any tariffs imposed by Executive Order 14257 of April 2, 2025 (Regulating
Imports With a Reciprocal Tariff to Rectify Trade Practices That Contribute
to Large and Persistent Annual United States Goods Trade Deficits), as
amended; Executive Order 14323 of July 30, 2025 (Addressing Threats to the
United States by the Government of Brazil); or Executive

Order 14329 of August 6, 2025 (Addressing Threats to the United States by
the Government of the Russian Federation).

(5) The rates of duty established in this proclamation shall apply with
respect to goods entered for consumption, or withdrawn from warehouse for
consumption, on or after 12:01 a.m. eastern daylight time on October 14,
2025. Effective January 1, 2026, the duty rate in clause 2 shall increase
to 30 percent and the duty rate in clause 3 shall increase to 50 percent,
and shall continue in effect, except for countries with which the United
States reaches an agreement that addresses the threatened impairment of the
national security posed by imports of wood products. Except as otherwise
provided in this proclamation, the tariffs imposed in this proclamation are
in addition to any other duties, taxes, fees, exactions, and charges
applicable to such imported wood products.

(6) If any wood product is subject to tariffs under both this proclamation
and Proclamation 10908 of March 26, 2025 (Adjusting Imports of Automobiles
and Automobile Parts Into the United States), as amended, the wood product
shall be subject to the terms and duties imposed pursuant to Proclamation
10908, as amended, and not those imposed pursuant to this proclamation. In
addition, if any wood product is subject to tariffs pursuant to both this
proclamation and the Executive Orders listed in section 2(b) or 2(c) of
Executive Order 14289 of April 29, 2025 (Addressing Certain Tariffs on
Imported Articles), as amended, the wood product shall be subject to the
duties imposed pursuant to this proclamation, and not those imposed
pursuant to the Executive Orders listed in section 2(b) or 2(c) of
Executive Order 14289, as amended.

(7) Notwithstanding clauses 1 through 5 of this proclamation, the tariff
imposed in this proclamation pursuant to section 232 that applies to
imports of wood products from the United Kingdom shall not exceed 10
percent. Notwithstanding clauses 1 through 5 of this proclamation, the
tariff imposed in this proclamation pursuant to section 232 that applies to
imports of wood products from the European Union and Japan shall not result
in a tariff that, when added to the applicable Column 1 Duty Rate in the
HTSUS, exceeds 15 percent.

(8) Any product described in clauses 1 through 3 of this proclamation,
except those eligible for admission as ``domestic status'' as described in
19 CFR 146.43, that is subject to a duty imposed by this proclamation and
that is admitted into a United States foreign trade zone on or after the
effective date of this proclamation may only be admitted as ``privileged
foreign'' status as described in 19 CFR 146.41, and will be subject upon
entry for consumption to any ad valorem rate of duty related to the
classification under the applicable HTSUS subheading.

(9) The Secretary shall continue to monitor imports of wood products and
shall, from time to time, in consultation with any senior executive branch
official the Secretary deems appropriate, review the status of imports of
wood products with respect to the national security of the United States.
The Secretary shall inform the President of any circumstances that, in the
Secretary's opinion, might indicate the need for further action by the
President under section 232. By October 1, 2026, the Secretary shall
provide the President with an update on imports of hardwood timber and
lumber, their markets, and the domestic industry, so that the President may
determine whether imposing an additional duty on imports of hardwood timber
or lumber, such as the phased import duty recommended by the July 1, 2025,
report, as well as any additional duties on derivatives of such products,
is warranted to address a threat to national security. The Secretary shall
also inform the President of any circumstance that, in the Secretary's
opinion, might indicate that the increase in duty rate provided for in this
proclamation is no longer necessary.

(10) The Trade Representative, in consultation with the Secretary and any
senior official the Trade Representative deems appropriate, shall pursue
negotiations of agreements or continue current negotiations of agreements
to address the threatened impairment of the national security with respect
to imported wood products from any country. The Trade Representative, in
consultation with the Secretary, shall, from time to time, update me on the
status or outcome of the negotiations described in this proclamation. At a
minimum, the Trade Representative shall provide one such update before
January 1, 2026, and a subsequent update no later than 180 days after the
date of this proclamation.

(11) The Secretary, in consultation with the United States International
Trade Commission and the Commissioner of U.S. Customs and Border Protection
(CBP), shall determine whether any modifications to the HTSUS are necessary
to effectuate this proclamation and shall make such modifications through
notice in the Federal Register.

(12) Given the actions directed in this proclamation, and having considered
the actions needed to address the emergency declared in Executive Order
14257, as amended, I am directing that, effective for goods entered for
consumption, or withdrawn from warehouse for consumption, on and after
12:01 eastern daylight time on October 14, 2025, all tariff provisions
under Chapter 44 of the HTSUS are hereby removed from Annex II of Executive
Order 14257, as amended, except those tariff provisions that: (i) are
included on the Potential Tariff Adjustments for Aligned Partners Annex of
Executive Order 14346 of September 5, 2025 (Modifying the Scope of
Reciprocal Tariffs and Establishing Procedures for Implementing Trade and
Security Agreements), and (ii) do not include products of a type that are
subject to an antidumping or countervailing duty order.

(13) To the extent consistent with applicable law and the purpose of this
proclamation, the Secretary of Commerce and the Secretary of Homeland
Security are directed and authorized to take all actions that are
appropriate to implement and effectuate this proclamation and any actions
contemplated by this proclamation, including, consistent with applicable
law, the issuance of regulations, rules, guidance, and procedures and the
temporary suspension or amendment of regulations, within their respective
jurisdictions, and to employ all powers granted to the President under
section 232, as may be appropriate to implement and effectuate this
proclamation. The Secretary of Commerce and the Secretary of Homeland
Security may, consistent with applicable law, including 3 U.S.C. 301,
redelegate any of these functions within their respective agencies. All
executive departments and agencies shall take all appropriate measures to
implement and effectuate this proclamation.

(14) Drawback shall be available with respect to the duties imposed
pursuant to this proclamation.

(15) CBP may take any appropriate measure to administer the tariffs imposed
by this proclamation.

(16) The Secretary shall establish a process for including additional wood
products within the scope of the tariffs described in this proclamation.
The Secretary may add additional wood products within the scope of the
tariffs described in this proclamation if, after considering the
information from his monitoring of wood product imports with respect to the
national security, any factor the Secretary deems appropriate, among other
relevant information or considerations, the Secretary determines that
inclusion of the additional wood product will reduce or eliminate the
national security threat found in this proclamation and is consistent with
the purpose of this proclamation. Appropriate factors include whether
imports of the wood product have increased in a manner that threatens to
impair the national security or otherwise undermines the objectives set
forth in this proclamation. The process the Secretary establishes may
include receiving requests or information from domestic producers of wood
products or other interested entities or individuals.

(17) The Secretary shall establish a process for determining whether there
is a threat of undervaluation of wood product imports subject to tariffs
pursuant to this proclamation. If the Secretary finds that there is a risk
of undervaluation of any particular class of imports of wood products
subject to tariffs imposed pursuant to this proclamation, the Secretary is
authorized to impose specific, compound, or mixed tariffs at a rate that he
determines to correspond approximately to the ad valorem duty rate
otherwise in effect under section 232 for the same class of articles
through notice in the Federal Register.

(18) Any provision of previous proclamations and Executive Orders that is
inconsistent with the actions taken in this proclamation is superseded to
the extent of such inconsistency. If any provision of this proclamation or
the application of any provision to any individual or circumstance is held
to be invalid, the remainder of this proclamation and the application of
its provisions to any other individuals or circumstances shall not be
affected.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my hand this
twenty-ninth day of September, in the year of our Lord
two thousand twenty-five, and of the Independence of
the United States of America the two hundred and
fiftieth.

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