Help Disaster Victims Buy a New Home Act of 2010 - Amends the Internal Revenue Code to: (1) treat individual taxpayers who purchase a principal residence to replace a principal residence damaged or destroyed by a federally declared disaster as first-time homebuyers for purposes of the tax credit allowed to such homebuyers; (2) allow taxpayers who do not itemize their tax deductions a deduction from gross income for net casualty losses due to a federally declared disaster and permit a carryover of such losses for five years; and (3) exclude from gross income unemployment compensation paid to workers in a federally declared disaster area.